The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a medium baseline reactor neutrino experiment under construction at Kaiping, Jiangmen in Southern China. The project is designed to measure the neutrino mass hierarchy via the neutrino oscillations. The collaborations war formed in July 2014 and construction began January 10, 2015. The headquarter is the Institute of High […]

There are two important approaches to measure the accelerated expansion of the Universe, the geometrical and growth structure approaches. Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) provides the geometrical approaches as the standard ruler of the Universe. In early state, the Universe was very hot and dense. Photons and Baryons tightly coupled together with the very homogeneous density […]

The ISW e ect is caused by the change in energy of CMB photons as they traverse the linear changing of gravitational potentials (Cai et al., 2009) (Cai et al., 2010). If gravitational potential nonlinearly evolves then the ISW e ect becomes nonlinear e ect which has alternative name as the Ree-Sciama (RS) e ect. […]

CMB Foreground By analysing the spectrum indices of CMB, we can clean the CMB foreground from the raw image. The foreground may contains important information such as the emission from galactic plane, etc.

Anomalous Cold Spot The average CMB temperature is 2.725 K with very tiny fluctuation 18 µK. However, in 2005, the anomalous cold spot was detected in WMAP data (Cruz et al., 2005). This cold spot has angular radius about rv ≈10 degreee in the sky and locate at Galactic Cab, l ≈209, b ≈-57. The […]

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation is the imprint radiation after the BigBang. It is the earliest electromagnetic wave that we can observe. By studying CMB we can learn variously about the Universe e.g. the geometry of the Universe, the matter species of the Universe, the early stat of the Universe, etc. The CMB projects include […]